Derived Verbs (Secondary)

Causative Verbs: -heu/-htaau

Observation

	ᓂᐹᐤ			ᓂᐹᐦᐁᐤ
	nipaau			nipaaheu
	s/he sleeps			s/he puts him/her to sleep

The verb ᓂᐹᐦᐁᐤ nipaaheu s/he puts him/her to sleep is made from the stem of the VAI verb ᓂᐹᐤ nipaau s/he sleeps and what is called a causative verb final -heu. There are two causative verb finals, -heu for an animate object and -htaau for an inanimate object.

Examples:

	Verb		Causative Verb (-heu)		Causative Verb (-htaau)
	ᐱᒥᐸᔫ		ᐱᒥᐸᔨᐦᐁᐤ		ᐱᒥᐸᔨᐦᑖᐤ
	pimipayuu		pimipayiheu		pimipayihtaau
	s/he travels by vehicule		s/he drives him/her		s/he drives it
	ᓂᐴ		ᓂᐸᐦᐁᐤ		ᓂᐸᐦᑖᐤ
	nipuu		nipiheu		nipihtaau
	s/he dies		s/he kills him/her		s/he kills it
	ᒦᒋᓲ		ᒦᒋᓲᐦᐁᐤ
	miichisu		miichisuuheu
	s/he eats		s/he makes him/her eat

Some causative formations are irregular:

	Verb		Causative Verb (-heu)		Causative Verb (-taau)
	ᒫᑑ		ᒨᐦᐁᐤ
	maatu		muuheu
	s/he cries		s/he makes him/her cry
	ᒥᓂᐦᐧᑫᐤ		ᒥᓂᐦᐁᐤ
	minihkweu		miniheu
	s/he drinks		s/he gives him/her a drink
	ᐋᐦᑯᓲ᙮		ᐋᐦᑯᐦᐁᐤ		ᐋᐦᑯᐦᑖᐤ
	aahkusuu		aahkuheu		aahkuhtaau
	s/he is sick		s/he hurts him/her		s/he harms it (ex. his arm)